ECIL-10 Reshapes Febrile Neutropenia Antibiotic Strategy Around Stewardship

The 10th European Conference on Infections in Leukaemia repositions carbapenem-sparing monotherapy, risk-stratified empirical selection, and neutrophil-count-independent antibiotic discontinuation as the standard for haematology and transplant patients.

ECIL-10European Conference on Infections in Leukaemiafebrile neutropeniahaematological malignancyhaematopoietic cell transplantationbeta-lactamscarbapenemsaminoglycosidesceftazidime-avibactamcefiderocolantimicrobial stewardship Infectious Disease / Antimicrobials

Background Information

Rising resistance challenges febrile neutropenia treatment in hematologic patients.

Febrile neutropenia poses significant infection risks for patients with haematological conditions, especially given rising antibiotic resistance. The panel recommends personalized therapy based on local resistance patterns, with empirical monotherapy for stable patients in low-resistance areas and broader-spectrum strategies for higher-risk situations. Suggests precise approaches for managing febrile neutropenia, highlighting the need for antimicrobial stewardship and consideration of local epidemiological data. Follow tailored antibiotic strategies informed by local resistance and patient status.

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Authors: Averbuch D, Vanbiervliet Y, Baccelli F, Mikulska M, Neofytos D, Garcia-Vidal C, Aguilar-Guisado M, Blijlevens N, Munoz P, Cordonnier C, Akova M, Calandra T

Citation: Averbuch D, Vanbiervliet Y, Baccelli F, et al. Empirical and targeted antimicrobial therapy in patients with febrile neutropenia and haematological malignancy or after haematopoietic cell transplantation: recommendations from the 10th European Conference on Infections in Leukaemia. The Lancet. Infectious diseases. 2026;26(6):e232-e247. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(25)00619-X

Article Links: PubMed · Journal / DOI

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